Common Financial Terms Everyone Should Know (Simple Meanings Guide)

Financial terms are used daily in banks, loans, cards, salaries, and policies. However, many people feel confused because these words are rarely explained in simple language. Understanding basic financial terminology helps students and beginners make better decisions and avoid mistakes.

This guide explains commonly used financial terms in simple words, without technical or professional complexity.

1.Banking Related Terms

Savings Account

• A bank account used to keep money safely while earning small interest.

Current Account

• An account mainly used by businesses for frequent transactions.

Interest

• Extra money earned on savings or paid on borrowed money.

IFSC Code

• A unique code used to identify bank branches for online transfers.

Cheque

• A written instruction to the bank to pay money from an account.

2.Loan and Credit Terms

Loan

• Money borrowed from a bank or institution that must be repaid.

EMI (Equated Monthly Installment)

• Fixed monthly payment made to repay a loan.

Interest Rate

• The percentage charged by a lender on borrowed money.

Loan Tenure

• The total time given to repay a loan.

Credit Score

• A number that shows how trustworthy a person is in repaying loans.

3.ATM and Card Related Terms

ATM (Automated Teller Machine)

• A machine used to withdraw cash or check balance anytime.

Debit Card

• A card that allows spending money directly from your bank account.

Credit Card

• A card that allows spending borrowed money with later repayment.

PIN (Personal Identification Number)

• A secret number used to protect card transactions.

Transaction Limit

• Maximum amount allowed per transaction or per day.

4.Income and Saving Terms

Income

• Money received from work, business, or other sources.

Disposable Income

• Money left after paying essential expenses.

Saving

• Money kept aside for future use.

Budgeting

• Planning how income will be spent and saved.

Emergency Fund

• Money saved for unexpected situations.

5.Investment and Market Terms

Investment

• Using money with the aim of growing it over time.

Stock / Share

• A small ownership portion of a company.

Mutual Fund

• Money collected from many people and invested professionally.

Risk

• Possibility of losing money or not getting expected results.

Return

• Outcome or result from an investment.

6.Insurance and Policy Terms

Insurance

• Financial protection against future risks.

Policy

• Legal agreement between insurer and insured person.

Premium

• Amount paid regularly to keep insurance active.

Coverage

• What is protected under an insurance policy.

Claim

• Request made to insurer for compensation.

👉Why Knowing These Terms Is Important

Understanding financial terminology helps people:

• Communicate better with banks
• Avoid misunderstandings
• Read financial documents confidently
• Make informed money decisions

Financial knowledge reduces confusion and builds confidence.

Final Thoughts

You don’t need to be an expert to understand finance. Learning common financial terms slowly and clearly can improve your financial awareness and prevent costly mistakes.

Start with understanding — decisions will improve naturally.

👉Related Articles Which Guide You More--Must Read

• How to Build Saving Habit as a Student
• Difference Between Income, Saving, and Investment
• Why Emergency Fund Is Important for Everyone
• Savings Growth Goal Planner (Educational Tool)
• Common Financial Mistakes Beginners Should Avoid